Case Study: Michael Smith and Kidneys Disease
Background Information
Patient Name: Michael Smith
Age: 58 years
Medical History: Diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension
Family History: Father had chronic kidneys disease (CKD)
Current Symptoms: Elevated blood pressure, proteinuria, decreased kidneys function
Kidneys Function Assessment
Michael’s recent blood work shows elevated creatinine levels, indicating impaired kidney function.
Urine tests reveal significant proteinuria, a sign of kidneys damage often seen in diabetic nephropathy.
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) has declined over the past year.
Angiotensin-Related Findings
Michael’s blood tests indicate high levels of angiotensin II.
His current hypertension management includes a beta-blocker, but no medication targeting the renin-angiotensin system.
Diagnosis and the Role of Angiotensin
The diagnosis is diabetic nephropathy complicated by hypertension.
The elevated angiotensin II levels are contributing to increased blood pressure and potentially worsening kidney damage.
Treatment Plan
Michael’s healthcare provider decides to introduce an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor to better control his blood pressure and reduce the progression of kidney damage.
Adjustments are made to his diabetes management to achieve better glycemic control.
Dietary and lifestyle modifications are recommended, focusing on reducing sodium intake and maintaining a healthy weight.
Monitoring and Management
Regular monitoring of kidney function, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels is planned.
Michael is scheduled for follow-up appointments every three months to assess his response to the new treatment regimen and adjust medications as needed.
Patient Education
Michael receives education about the importance of medication adherence and lifestyle changes to manage his conditions effectively.
He is informed about the signs of worsening kidney disease and when to seek immediate medical attention.
Conclusion(Disorders of the kidneys)
This case study of Michael Smith illustrates the complexities of managing kidney disease, especially when intertwined with other conditions like diabetes and hypertension. It highlights the critical role of angiotensin in exacerbating kidney damage and the importance of targeted therapies to mitigate its effects. Through careful monitoring and a tailored treatment approach, Michael’s healthcare team aims to slow the progression of his kidney disease and improve his overall health and quality of life.